A headline becomes a list of how often each word appears. “Training raised wages” and “wages raised training” can land on the same list, because the order is thrown away. The first page does this with two headlines at a time. The folder page asks how many piles those lists should form. The number of folders is chosen on the slider. It is not written in the lines.一则标题变成每个词出现了几次。“Training raised wages”和“wages raised training”可以落在同一份清单上，因为词的顺序被丢掉了。第一页一次看两则标题。文件夹那一页问这些清单该分成几堆。文件夹的个数在滑块上选定。它没有写在这些句子里。
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Text as Data文字当数据
Three exercises start from the same short headlines about a training program. The first counts words. The second sorts nine short lines into folders. The third places words on a map by hand and scores the headlines again.三页练习从同一批关于培训项目的短标题出发。第一页数词。第二页把九行短句放进文件夹。第三页把词亲手放到一张图上，再给标题打一次分。
Watch out.容易看错的地方。 The agreement score only sees the words you kept. Dropping little words such as the and for, or missing that two headlines use different words for the same claim, changes which lines look alike. The score does not tell you what the headline claims.一致分数只看见你留下的词。去掉 the、for 这类小词，或没看出两则标题用不同的词说同一件事，都会改变谁和谁像。分数不会告诉你标题在说什么。
Labs练习
Summarize, then compare先概括，再比较 starts with these word counts and ends on a match.从这些词数出发，走到一次匹配。
Concepts概念
Concept概念 Bag of words词袋 Concept概念 Document-term matrix文档—词矩阵 Put headlines in rows and words in columns. Each cell is a count. The word map is a different picture: each word is a place you chose, and a headline is the average of those places. The map lab compares that score with the count score.标题作行，词作列。每个格子是出现了几次。词图是另一张图：每个词是你选定的位置，标题是这些位置的平均。词图那一页把这个分数和计数分数放在一起比。